Causative Verbs
What is causative verb?
A causative verb shows that one person makes another person do something. They also show that one person makes something happen.
3 types:
- Causative verb + base verb
- Causative verb + to + infinitive
- Causative verb + past participle
Causative verb + base verb
When the causative werb shows that one person makes another person do something, the causative verb is followd by the simple form.
causative verb | noun phrase | causative verb | noun (person) | base verb | noun phrase |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
make, get, have | The boss | made, will make, had made | the staff | work | on Saturday. |
Causative verb + to + infinitive
When the causative verb shows that one person makes another person do something, the causative verb can also be followed by the infinitive verb (depends on the verb).
causative verb | noun phrase | causative verb | noun (person) | base verb | noun phrase |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
get, want, order, permit | The boss | go, will get, had got | the staff | to work | on Saturday. |
Causative verb + past participle
When the causative verb shows that one person makes something happen, the causative verb is followed by the past participle.
causative verb | noun phrase | causative verb | noun (person) | base verb |
---|---|---|---|---|
get, have, want | Mary | go, will get, had got | the meeting | rescheduled. |
Quick List
have | to have | s/o | base verb |
to have | s/o | pp | |
get | to get | s/o | to + inf |
to get | s/t | pp | |
make | to make | s/o | base verb |
to make | s/t | base verb | |
to make | s/o | adj | |
let | to let | s/o | base verb |
to let | s/t | base verb | |
allow/permit | to allow/permit | s/o | to + inf |
to allow/permit | s/t | to + inf | |
want | to want | s/o | to + inf |
to want | s/t | pp / (to be + pp) | |
order | to order | s/o | to + inf |
to order | s/t | pp / (to be + pp) | |
suggest, recommand, insist, demand, request | to suggest, recommand, insist, demand, request | s/o, NCM* + S | to + inf, base verb |
- NCM: Noun Relative Marker (that, what, which, where, when, why, who...)
Important note
Remember that sometimes things are actually referred to as people:
The director had the whole department work on Sunday.
Verbs of Perception
Eyes
- see
- look at (+ s/o + base verb or ~ing)
- watch
- glance
- stare at
When we use these verbs of perception, both structures are possible.
I saw John
walking
down the street.I saw John
walk
down the street.We watched them
playing
tennis.We watched them
play
tennis.
Ears
- hear
- overhear
- listen to
+ s/o + V1 or ~ing
When we use these verbs of perception, both structures are possible.
I heard John
talking
about the party.I head John
talk
about the party.We listened to them
singing
.We listened to them
sing
.